Mac_PILLOW.html" title=Pillow>Pillow_1">Mac PILLOW.html" title=Pillow>Pillow

Environment:macOS Mojave
Version:10.14.2
Time:2019.03.01

PIL是python的一个图形库，而最新的一个版本是2009年为1.1.7更新的，虽然这么久远了，但是官方还未说明PIL项目被抛弃。而PILLOW.html" title=Pillow>Pillow是fork PIL项目的，PILLOW.html" title=Pillow>Pillow的作者的原意也是为了促进以及支持PIL的积极开发。

macOS 默认自带python2.7的版本，而我的项目是基于python3进行的，所以我装了一个python3，版本是3.7.2的，这里要做的是导下PILLOW.html" title=Pillow>Pillow项目，然后修改了一些代码，然后替换掉系统的PIL。

Note

PILLOW.html" title=Pillow>Pillow支持的python版本

Python	2.4	2.5	2.6	2.7	3.2	3.3	3.4	3.5	3.6	3.7
PILLOW.html" title=Pillow>Pillow < 2.0.0	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
PILLOW.html" title=Pillow>Pillow 2.x - 3.x			Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
PILLOW.html" title=Pillow>Pillow 4.x				Yes		Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
PILLOW.html" title=Pillow>Pillow 5.0.x - 5.1.x				Yes			Yes	Yes	Yes
PILLOW.html" title=Pillow>Pillow >= 5.2.0				Yes			Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes

注：PIL和PILLOW.html" title=Pillow>Pillow在相同的环境下会冲突，所以在安装PILLOW.html" title=Pillow>Pillow之前，请先卸载PIL。

预备工作

首先安装python3

其次在GitHub上面导下PILLOW.html" title=Pillow>Pillow项目，在本地进行修改。

git clone https://github.com/python-pillow/PILLOW.html" title=Pillow>Pillow.git MyPILLOW.html" title=Pillow>Pillow

然后卸载掉自己电脑上面的PIL(python3使用pip3)

pip3 uninstall PIL

安装PILLOW.html" title=Pillow>Pillow需要用到Xcode的命令行工具，所以需要先执行

xcode-select --install

执行命令行工具之前可能还要接受许可：

sudo xcodebuild -license

你还需要通过Homebrew安装一些PILLOW.html" title=Pillow>Pillow需要用到的依赖库：

brew install libtiff libjpeg webp little-cms2

正式工作

安装本地PILLOW.html" title=Pillow>Pillow项目。进入MyPILLOW.html" title=Pillow>Pillow目录，并执行安装命令，

pip3 install .

或者通过在未压缩的项目目录下执行安装：

python3 setup.py install

好了，现在你的电脑就已经成功装上PILLOW.html" title=Pillow>Pillow了

问题

我这里会出现一个问题，就是执行安装的时候会出现zlib模块缺少，报错如下：

The headers or library files could not be found for zlib,
a required dependency when compiling PILLOW.html" title=Pillow>Pillow from source.

Please see the install instructions at:
   https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "setup.py", line 803, in <module>
    zip_safe=not (debug_build() or PLATFORM_MINGW), )
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 143, in setup
    return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/distutils/core.py", line 148, in setup
    dist.run_commands()
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 966, in run_commands
    self.run_command(cmd)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
    cmd_obj.run()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/install.py", line 67, in run
    self.do_egg_install()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/install.py", line 109, in do_egg_install
    self.run_command('bdist_egg')
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
    self.distribution.run_command(command)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
    cmd_obj.run()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 172, in run
    cmd = self.call_command('install_lib', warn_dir=0)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/bdist_egg.py", line 158, in call_command
    self.run_command(cmdname)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
    self.distribution.run_command(command)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
    cmd_obj.run()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/setuptools/command/install_lib.py", line 11, in run
    self.build()
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/distutils/command/install_lib.py", line 107, in build
    self.run_command('build_ext')
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/distutils/cmd.py", line 313, in run_command
    self.distribution.run_command(command)
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/distutils/dist.py", line 985, in run_command
    cmd_obj.run()
  File "/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.2/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/distutils/command/build_ext.py", line 339, in run
    self.build_extensions()
  File "setup.py", line 590, in build_extensions
    raise RequiredDependencyException(f)
__main__.RequiredDependencyException: zlib

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "setup.py", line 815, in <module>
    raise RequiredDependencyException(msg)
__main__.RequiredDependencyException: 

The headers or library files could not be found for zlib,
a required dependency when compiling PILLOW.html" title=Pillow>Pillow from source.

Please see the install instructions at:
   https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html

在全世界Google搜索了几遍之后，尝试了N多次方法之后，还是云里雾里的。在不懈的搜索中，尝试了一下某个帖子的方法，结果还真解决了，想哭。帖子地址：https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv/issues/1219

只要执行以下命令，然后重新安装就成功了。

sudo installer -pkg /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Packages/macOS_SDK_headers_for_macOS_10.14.pkg -target /

笔记，终。